Impact of Screening Programs on Access to Oncological Surgery

Introduction: By 2030, approximately 45 million oncological surgical procedures will be needed worldwide. However, less than 25% of cancer patients currently have access to safe and timely surgeries. This situation highlights the importance of expanding screening strategies and early detection programs to reduce the cancer burden and improve clinical outcomes. Objective: To analyze the impact of screening programs on access to gynecological oncological surgery. Methods: A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database using the descriptors Global Surgery, Oncology, and Cancer, including studies published up to April 2025. Results: The Global Surgery 2030 Commission identified significant economic and access disparities in oncological surgery, which could result in a global cumulative GDP loss of up to 6.2 trillion US dollars by 2030. Additionally, limited screening coverage and late diagnosis contribute to the undertreatment of patients, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Discussion: The fragmentation of the global surgical community, the lack of consensus on strategic approaches, and the limited integration of oncological surgery into national policies hinder progress in the field. Furthermore, scarce data on the burden of surgical diseases and misconceptions regarding the cost and complexity of these interventions restrict investments and healthcare planning. Conclusion: Investing in screening programs and ensuring access to safe, timely oncological surgery are essential measures to reduce disparities, increase cure rates, and improve patients’ quality of life.