PHILOSOPHY OF EXISTENTIAL DEAD END

The article explores the chess phenomenon of zugzwang, considering it as a metaphor for existential problems related to human existence. Since life and death are integral parts of human existence, zugzwang as a metaphor for life and zugzwang as a metaphor for death should be considered in close interaction, governed by the "the law of the unity and conflict of opposites". The authors analyze the phenomenon of zugzwang and trace the evolution of its understanding in chess, from a technical term to a philosophical concept, highlighting its connection with other philosophical laws, such as "the law of the passage of quantitative changes into qualitative changes", and "the law of the negation of the negation". Zugzwang symbolizes an existential deadlock in which a person faces a dilemma of choice and limitations, where any action or inaction only exacerbates the situation. The article also examines philosophical approaches, such as accepting limitations and self-knowledge, as ways to overcome the existential deadlock. The authors also point out the differences between zugzwang in chess and life’s dead-end situations, the key differences being the inevitability of a move in chess and the possibility to delay decision in complex life situations, as well as the hopelessness of the zugzwang position and the presence of alternative, not immediately obvious solutions in life. It indicates that in real life, there is much more flexibility and room for maneuver. Thus, zugzwang transcends its chess context, becoming a metaphor for complex life situations in which every choice leads to new limitations. The authors argue that chess teaches strategic thinking, patience, and the ability to balance risk and safety, and reflections on chess can help address existential issues.