The Third Revolution of Medicine by Big data and Artificial Intelligence

Big data and artificial intelligence (AI) are now creating a whirlwind in the general methodology of both medical research and healthcare practice. It fundamentally transforms the entire paradigm of medical field, which could be called “the third revolution of medicine”, where the first one was caused by invention of antibiotics, contributed to eradicate the bacterial infection and the second one was brought by the invention of biopharmaceutical, such as molecular-targeted drug and antibody agent, introducing innovative treatment methods for cancer and several incurable diseases. This article discusses the future form of medicine which the third revolution will bring about. As for the methodological innovation of medical research, this revolution will bring about the data-driven approach for medical science, promoting the reverse science, which will be supported by big data and inductive AI. As for the medical practice and healthcare, this revolution will advance the current mobile health and real world medicine, which, incorporating the cutting edge molecular instrumental methods, will realize PM (precision medicine) mobile health and PM real world medicine. Moreover, on account of current progress in natural language processing as seen in the large language model, AI method will expect to develop to understand the interrelationship among the clinical events described in EMR to comprehend disease progression course, which will realize the “predictive control medicine”. Those innovation in both medical research and clinical practice will contribute to reduce the disparity of medical cure level of the clinical practice.