A new acylamino acid from aerial parts of <i>Glinus oppositifolius</i> Aug. DC. and its xanthine oxidase, <i>α</i> -glucosidase inhibitory activities

<i>Glinus oppositifolius</i> Aug. DC. is traditionally used for treating inflammation and metabolic disorders. In this study, a novel acylamino acid, <i>L</i>-(-)-(<i>N</i>-<i>cis</i>-cinnamoyl)-arginine (<b>1</b>), was isolated from its aerial parts along with six known flavonoids (<b>2</b>-<b>7</b>). Among them, compound <b>1</b> exhibited moderate xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity (IC<b>₅₀</b> = 178.02 ± 1.65 µM), while compounds <b>5</b> (kaempferol) and <b>6</b> (apigenin) showed potent inhibition of both XO (IC<b>₅₀</b> = 26.18 ± 0.78 and 10.26 ± 0.55 µM, respectively) and <i>α</i>-glucosidase (IC<b>₅₀</b> = 9.52 ± 0.19 and 10.28 ± 0.05 µM, respectively), outperforming the positive control acarbose (IC<b>₅₀</b> = 1021.47 ± 10.79 µM). Notably, compound <b>4</b> (7-<i>O</i>-methylwogonin) was reported for the first time from this species. These findings highlight <i>G. oppositifolius</i> as a promising source of dual-action phytochemicals for managing gout and type 2 diabetes.