Tailoring organic neuron-like bioelectronic materials for cell growth and interfacing

Organic polymers in neuroelectronics offer biocompatibility and mixed ionic-electronic conduction, making them ideal for biological interfaces. These devices exhibit neuromorphic properties, mimicking synaptic plasticity and responding to neurotransmitters. However, they lack the 2.5D/3D morphology of neuronal cells. We developed biomimetic structures resembling dendritic spines using two-photon polymerization and PEDOT-based electrodeposition. Different spine shapes impact neuronal growth, influencing neural network remodeling. Our findings show microelectrode topography affects growth cone behavior and signal dissipation, enhancing bioelectronic integration. This work advances artificial neuronal interfaces, improving electrogenic cell recording and facilitating seamless interaction between artificial electrodes and biological networks in vitro and in vivo.