Polarization and wavefront sensing

We present two methods for retrieving wavefront and polarization characteristics in optical fields. The first is a digital alternative to Stokes polarimetry, requiring only four measurements instead of six. It uses a Polarization Grating (PG) and a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) to introduce phase retardance between orthogonal polarization states, enabling phase and polarization reconstruction. The second method applies transport-of-intensity principles, linking energy propagation to wavefront properties. We demonstrate these techniques by spatially resolving complex polarization structures in metasurfaces, liquid crystal devices, and chiral materials.