A Review of Graphene-Modified Ultra-High-Performance Concrete

Graphene, as a two-dimensional nanocarbon material, exhibits excellent mechanical properties, along with outstanding electrical and thermal conductivity, low density, and superior chemical and thermal stability. Its incorporation into ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) offers significant potential for developing structurally and functionally integrated UHPC with enhanced mechanical strength, durability, and multifunctional or smart capabilities. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in graphenemodified UHPC research. It begins with an overview of different types of graphene materials and their dispersion techniques, followed by a detailed analysis of their effects on the early-stage physicochemical properties of UHPC (e. g. , hydration behavior, rheological properties, and workability) and its hardened-state performance (e. g. , static and dynamic mechanical properties, durability, and multifunctional/smart functionalities) . Finally, the current challenges and strategic directions for further development of graphenemodified UHPC are critically discussed. This comprehensive review aims to accelerate research progress in graphene-modified UHPC and provide valuable insights for sustainable development of ultra-high-performance concrete materials.