Optimising anaesthetic management during fronto-orbital advancement in an infant with Apert syndrome

Apert syndrome is a rare congenital defect characterised by bicoronal synostosis, midface hypoplasia and syndactyly. Fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) is a technique for surgical correction of craniosynostosis in Apert syndrome, typically done on infants under a year old. Aside from the concern for a difficult airway and other associated systemic anomalies, thorough and meticulous anaesthetic care must be employed in the management of physiologic changes during prolonged, complex surgeries such as FOA. This case report describes the anaesthetic management of a female infant with Apert syndrome who underwent bilateral FOA.