In-vitro evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of the ethanolic leaf extract of Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.

Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq., commonly known as the hop bush plant belonging to the family Sapindaceae is widely used in the traditional system of medicine by ethnic communities for the treatment of various human ailments. The present study investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in ethanolic leaf extract of D. viscosa by protein denaturation, COX and LOX inhibition assays. The highest percentage inhibition (177.11±4.30 µg/ml) for the sample to prevent protein denaturation was observed was at the highest concentration tested. Anti-inflammatory effect of the sample by COX and LOX inhibitory assay was screened in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The extract significantly inhibited the respective enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that the extract had strong activity against both COX and LOX enzymes with percentage inhibitions of 74.28±0.24 µg/ml and 80.63±0.25 µg/ml, respectively. Diclofenac served as the standard drug for all the assays, and the sample exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory activity to that of the reference standard.