Largactil As an Antidote to Organophosphorus Pesticide Poisoning in Local Doves

Many organophosphorus compounds are toxic compounds that are harmful to humans, animals, and the surrounding environment. To treat the toxicity of these compounds, researchers use another compound as an antidote for cholinergic toxicity, that is, Largactil. Largactil is a kind of phenothiazine that contains the active ingredient chlorpromazine hydrochloride, which is used as an anticholinergic, antihistamine, and analgesic. This study aims to use Largactil as an alternative to atropine in the treatment of poisoning of collared doves exposed to organophosphorus insecticide (dichlorvos). This study is based on a sample of thirty birds (collared doves) divided into three groups of ten birds each. The control group (Group 1) received a dose of dichlorvos, followed by 2 ml/kg of saline solution administered intraperitoneally. Group 2 and Group 3 are treatment groups that were given atropine and Largactil, respectively and separately, in addition to dichlorvos. The oral median lethal doses (LD50) of dichlorvos alone or with atropine and Largactil in doves were determined by the up-and-down method for acute toxicity testing. The results showed that the oral LD50 of dichlorvos with intraperitoneal atropine increased by 30.845 mg/kg, with a protective ratio of 1.47 (Group 2), while an increase in the oral LD50 for Largactil ranged from 21.0 mg/kg to 55.7 mg/kg, with a protective ratio of 2.65 (Group 3). Largactil significantly reduced the signs of toxicity and decreased the overall toxicity score of the birds more than atropine. These results indicate that Largactil has better protective and mitigating effects than atropine in the treatment of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning in birds.