Antenna systems for microwave radiometers

The paper provides an overview of the antenna systems used for microwave radiometers. Due to the development of precision agriculture, the use of radiometers for monitoring soil moisture relief is becoming relevant. Microminiaturization of antenna systems expands the possibility of using radiometers using unmanned aerial vehicles and ground-based facilities. Compared with satellite and on-board carriers, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles makes it possible to increase the resolution of radiometers, however, in this case, the weight and size limitations on the antenna systems used increase significantly, which requires both new design solutions and the development of design methods, including using the latest advances in methods for optimizing electrodynamic problems.