Population research in anthropogenetics

The article highlights that researchers studying human heredity inevitably encounter issues of population genetics and the necessity of conducting calculations. It is noted that most studies in the field of anthropogenetics aim to identify genetic markers of phenotypic traits. Examples of the most common errors in organizing research on human heredity are provided, including the incorrect use of the term “population”. These mistakes occur at the initial stage of research during group formation and lead to inaccurate results. The article emphasizes that the root cause of such errors is the lack of a national scientific school of population genetics. It explains why a proper study of human genetics requires considering a population's history, culture, demographic composition, and structure. An action algorithm for calculating the inbreeding index as a population criterion is presented. Attention is drawn to carefully considering the ethnic and geographic origins of study participants when forming research groups. The article underscores that an essential component of population studies in anthropogenetics is the determination of heritability indices.