The Rohingya Crisis: Ethnic Marginalization and Statelessness

The situation in Myanmar involves the unfortunate plight of the Rohingya, an ethnic minority group who have been deprived of citizenship rights and compelled to seek refuge outside their homeland. The Rohingya endured severe conditions characterized by genocide, torture, executions, and rape. The study elucidates the fundamental and immediate factors contributing to conflict, specifically focusing on critical actors involved in the Myanmar Rohingya crisis. It also comprehends conflict dynamics using the Gurr Model, specifically designed to analyze ethnic disputes. The study examines the systematic denial of fundamental rights, including personal growth, safety, and cultural identity, that ethnic minorities experience. This oppression has resulted in the emergence of insurgent factions that have resorted to armed resistance to reclaim their citizenship status and secure their rights. The oppressive military operation resulted in the displacement of the Rohingya population, who sought refuge in camps for displaced persons. By adopting a qualitative approach and collecting data from secondary sources, such as research papers and opinion articles, as well as primary data from speeches by Myanmar’s leadership, the paper presents a comprehensive overview of the situation in Myanmar concerning the Rohingya. An in-depth examination of the conflict reflects that the resolution of the conflict hinges upon the exertion of pressure by major powers and international organizations on Myanmar's military to reinstate democracy and enhance the conditions in the Rakhine state. This is crucial for facilitating the repatriation of the Rohingya minority and reconstructing the infrastructure to meet their fundamental human needs.