Effect of Energy Integration on Safety Indexes of Suspension PVC Production Process

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most widely produced plastic on an industrial scale, due to its diverse applications and physicochemical properties. Its production through suspension polymerization presents significant safety challenges due to the handling of hazardous substances. To assess the impact of energy integration on process risks, the inherent safety analysis was implemented to determine the characteristic hazards of PVC suspension production. The methodology’s indicators were quantified by reviewing databases, literature, and safety data sheets, considering process steps such as vinyl chloride monomer recovery, PVC purification, and drying. The results revealed that the PVC production process under energy integration conditions is intrinsically unsafe, with a total inherent safety index (ISI) of 34. The chemical component would contribute 19 points, with VCM being the main chemical risk given its flammable and carcinogenic nature, contributing a value of 15, along with the heat released by the reactions. Process safety would contribute 15 points, associated with hazardous equipment such as furnaces, burners, and dryers, as well as risks related to inventories and similar plant accidents. To improve process safety, it is recommended to reduce VCM inventories, optimize operating conditions, and implement advanced control systems for possible accidental releases.