Ethnopharmacology, toxicology and phytochemical composition of Mondia whitei (Hook.f.) skeels (Apocynaceae)

Mondia whitei (Hook.f.) skeels (Apocynaceae) is endemic to Africa, except for its northern part, and demonstrates a wide array of therapeutic properties. This work provides an overview of published findings related to the ethnopharmacological phytochemical properties and toxicological aspects of M. whitei. The information was retrieved from databases, including PubMed, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using search terms related to M. whitei's ethnopharmacology, toxicology, and chemical composition, along with specific plant part designations. M. whitei roots, the most used part, have demonstrated androgenic, reversible antispermatogenic, and sperm motility-enhancing effects: antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal properties, effects on female reproductive organs, and duration-dependent neurotoxicity. The leaves exhibit antioxidant and antiepileptic activities. The fruit shows protective effects against cadmium-induced hepatic damage, central nervous system depressant effects, and anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties. Seeds have been utilized by some communities. M. whitei enjoys widespread application across diverse communities, with the roots being the most employed part. The leaves and fruits are also used, while the seeds are scarcely used. Key words: Mondia whitei, ethnopharmacology, toxicology, phytochemical composition, plant parts.