Evaluation of Indigenous garments and Government of Canada cold weather clothing insulation: growing Northern economies through safer personal protective equipment

The Arctic is one of the harshest environments due to remoteness and freezing temperatures, but Indigenous peoples have successfully persisted there for centuries through the development of protective garments. Limited research suggests that Indigenous-made garments provide excellent insulation. Contributing to this research, the insulation of Indigenous-made garments was measured using a thermal manikin, alongside issued clothing. Complimenting this laboratory work, Indigenous craft producers, Canadian Rangers, Coast Guard Auxiliary, and Government of Canada employees were interviewed and surveyed. It was found that some Indigenous-made garments had similar levels of insulation compared to issued clothing, while others were higher. Interview and surveys highlighted the benefits of Indigenous-made clothing. Interviewees almost universally supplemented their issued clothing to stay warmer, and want to support craft producers through purchasing products. Craft producers prefer using natural and traditional materials due to performance and longevity. Additionally, the act of creating their products has cultural significance with perceived positive mental health benefits. This foundational study demonstrated what Indigenous peoples have known for centuries: garments made with natural materials offer excellent protection, increasing safety in challenging conditions. Procurement of Indigenous-made clothing can increase the opportunities for craft producers, bolster Northern economies, and benefit employees in their work.