Climate Risk and Green Productivity in African Agriculture: Challenges, Opportunities, and Policy Implications

ABSTRACT As climate change intensifies global challenges, agricultural systems face escalating risks, with vulnerable zones like Africa bearing heightened exposure. Climate risks refer to the economic and financial impacts arising from extreme weather events and the global transition to a low‐carbon economy. This study investigates how climate risk impacts Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) in African agriculture, using a balanced panel dataset with 630 observations from 30 African countries spanning from 2000 to 2020. The regression analysis reveals a significant stimulatory effect of climate risk on GTFP, primarily by fostering infrastructure development and accelerating digital transformation. Heterogeneity analysis further reveals that this effect is particularly pronounced in sub‐Saharan Africa and in resource‐dependent economies. Additionally, vulnerabilities related to water resources and infrastructure enhance the positive relationship between climate risk and GTFP. These findings offer a novel perspective on advancing sustainable and high‐quality agricultural development in Africa in the face of climate challenges, providing a scientific basis for policy optimization and bolstering the resilience of African agriculture.