Beam width tunability using refractive optics in static light sheet microscopy

This study presents a tunable light sheet microscope for high-resolution three-dimensional biological imaging. The core innovation integrates aspheric lenses with a single Powell lens in the optical pathway. The Powell lens introduces a phase shift that creates a bone-shaped beam profile, reducing the central intensity hot spot and achieving more uniform intensity distribution. Simulations and experimental results confirm this optical configuration generates thin, high-quality light sheets. Optimal performance occurs with Powell lenses having fan angles of 5° to 10° and tip radii of 0.1 to 0.4mm. The system demonstrates advanced imaging capabilities through visualization of various biological specimens. This establishes the microscope as a powerful tool for high-resolution studies of tissues, neural networks, and vascular systems in fundamental research and medical applications.