Optimization of Distribution Network Operation Strategy Based on EV Users’ Willingness for Power Regulation Engagement

Due to the inherent stochasticity, volatility, and intermittency of renewable energy sources, power systems with a high penetration of renewables frequently experience supply-demand imbalance issues. Electric vehicles (EVs), as flexible and controllable distributed resources, can participate in the optimization of distribution network operation strategies to provide ancillary services for the system, such as peak shaving and renewable energy accommodation. The increasing popularity of EVs offers significant flexibility potential to distribution networks. The assessment of their adjustable potential, considering user response willingness, forms the foundation for optimizing EV utilization within distribution networks. However, existing operation strategies often fall short of achieving the desired outcomes. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimization method for distribution network operation strategies that explicitly incorporates EV users’ willingness to participate in power regulation. An EV adjustable potential assessment model that accounts for user willingness is established. Finally, comparisons with scenarios disregarding user willingness demonstrate that the adjustable potential evaluated by the proposed method more realistically reflects actual conditions.