Challenges and Applications of 5G/6G PIOT Passive Sensing Technology in Power Systems

With the rapid advancement of 5G and emerging 6G technologies, Passive Internet of Things (P-IoT) solutions have gained significant attention for their potential to revolutionize power system monitoring. This paper explores the challenges and applications of 5G/6G P-IoT passive sensing technologies, particularly in the context of ultra-high voltage (UHV) equipment temperature monitoring within power systems. The proposed solution leverages both passive and semi-passive sensing tags powered by environmental energy sources, such as electromagnetic and light energy, to enable accurate and low-power temperature monitoring. By utilizing high-precision digital MEMS temperature sensors, the system facilitates real-time data collection with enhanced reliability in extreme operating environments. The integration of advanced communication technologies, including modulation and demodulation techniques, anti-interference algorithms, and optimized energy management strategies, addresses critical challenges such as high operational costs, low accuracy, and delayed response times in traditional monitoring methods. Test results confirm that the system operates stably and accurately under ultra-high voltage conditions, offering promising prospects for enhancing grid efficiency, reducing maintenance costs, and promoting the intelligent transformation of the power industry. This technology has the potential to bring substantial economic and social benefits in sectors such as power systems and logistics, driving innovation in both operational and maintenance practices.