Phytochemical Screening from Kalanchoe Pinnata Leaf Extract Using the Design of Plackett-Burman Matrix and the Response Surface Methodology Box-Behnken

Extraction of total polyphenol and total flavonoid from Kalanchoe pinnata leaf was optimized using response surface methodology. Basis on the single-factor experiment, this study analyzed six factors using the Plackett-Burman experimental design to determine the variables that significantly influence the extraction yield of total polyphenol and total flavonoid, namely ethanol concentration, liquid-solid ratio, extraction temperature, pH value, extraction time, and ultrasound power. Based on the statistical analysis, extraction temperature, extraction time, and ethanol concentration (or etliquid-solid ratio) are selected for further optimization of the extraction process, using the Box-Behnken design. Under optimum conditions, the yield of total polyphenol and total flavonoid were 72.59 mg/g and 50.39 mg/g, respectively. The results show that the leaves of K. pinnata show considerable potential as a source for the extraction of natural products used in folk medicine.