Effects of cervical and auricular vagus nerve stimulation on electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram in rats

Vagus nerve is the longest cranial peripheral nerve of human body comprising both sensory and motor nerves. Due to its extensive distribution throughout the body, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been attempted for treatment of various neurological diseases. Especially, since the non-invasive VNS was proposed to transcutaneously stimulate the cervical and auricular branch of the vagus nerve [1,2], VNS has been considered as an treatment option for a wider range of neurological disorders such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, obesity, tinnitus, migraine, and so forth [3–6].