Active Frequency Support Strategy for Grid-Forming Energy Storage Converters Optimized by Genetic Algorithm

Grid-forming energy storage converters mostly adopt virtual synchronous generator control (VSG). However, in traditional VSG, the use of fixed inertia coefficient J and damping coefficient D leads to poor dynamic response of the system. To address this issue, this paper proposes a VSG control with adaptive virtual inertia-damping coordination based on the arctangent function, and uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the adjustment coefficients of the proposed strategy. First, the basic working principle of VSG is expounded, and the influence of different virtual inertia and damping coefficients on system stability is analyzed by establishing its mathematical model. Second, through the analysis of system stability, an arctangent function dynamic adjustment mechanism based on system frequency deviation is established, enabling the virtual inertia and damping coefficients to adaptively match the disturbance intensity. Then, a genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal adjustment coefficients of the proposed control strategy. Finally, the proposed control strategy is compared and analyzed with the traditional VSG control through simulation software, and the results verify the superiority of the proposed control strategy.