A Model Predictive Control-Based Power Adaptive Compensation Strategy for Grid-Connected and Islanded Mode Switching

The networked flexible interconnected distribution network provides a technical foundation for large-scale integration and efficient utilization of distributed energy sources. However, when a transformer substation or distribution feeder fails and loses power, the voltage source converter (VSC) must quickly switch to islanded operation mode. To mitigate the impact of mode switching, this paper proposes a model predictive control (MPC)-based active and reactive power adaptive compensation method. When transitioning to islanded operation, MPC optimizes for minimal angular frequency deviation to compute the optimal active power compensation value, ensuring frequency stability under islanded conditions. Furthermore, the optimal reactive power compensation is calculated based on the rated inverter output voltage amplitude, ensuring optimal voltage support capability. When the fault is cleared and the system transitions from islanded to grid-connected operation, the MPC-based control strategy ensures stable operation after grid reconnection. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified through electromagnetic transient simulations.