A Single RFSoC-based 4-channel Wideband Digital Backend for Pulsar Observation

Pulsar observation is a critical tool for exploring the universe, necessitating advanced digital backends to efficiently capture and process faint pulsar signals.This paper introduces a 4-channel wideband digital backend for pulsar observation, with each channel featuring dual polarization and a maximum bandwidth of 2 GHz.The system is capable of simultaneously processing multiple signal bands, with a total bandwidth up to 8 GHz, and employs Bartlett's method for power spectrum estimation.The design divides 8 high-speed data streams from ADCs into 32 low-speed data streams to reduce power, while a specialized combined Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) unit with bit-reversed order is utilized to minimize resource consumption.This approach yields a compact and power-efficient solution integrated into a single Radio Frequency System on Chip (RFSoC).The backend fully utilizes the hardware resources and supports multiple observation modes, offering flexible bandwidth and frequency resolution options.The system's performance has been validated through on-site telescope observations, confirming its capability to reliably acquire and process pulsar signals.