Validation of Near-Field Scattering Simulations for Asteroid-Analog Surface Measurement Data in Anechoic Chamber Environments

Backscattering measurements of asteroid-analog sandbased rough surfaces were conducted in an anechoic chamber to validate correlation algorithms for electromagnetic scattering analysis.The numerical simulations required three key parameters: complex permittivity of the granular material, geometric surface discretization, and antenna radiation characteristics.First, the frequency-dependent permittivity of sand samples was determined through transmission line measurements.Subsequently, a high-resolution 3D laser scanner captured the surface topography to generate the computational mesh.The antenna radiation pattern was approximated by modeling the electric field distribution across the mean surface plane of the rough terrain.Comparative analysis between swept-frequency backscattering measurements and near-field physical optics (PO) simulations demonstrated the validity and practical utility of this experimental framework.