Gelatin-sodium alginate hydrogel infused with Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. root extract: Preparation, characterization, and application in wound dressing

This study presents a GEL/SA hydrogel incorporated with <i>Onosma dichroanthum</i> root extract, achieving a unique combination of features: A dual-polymer natural matrix (gelatin-alginate) with tuned cross-linking that yields high mechanical stability while exhibiting controlled relaxation and enhanced elasticity after extract incorporation. Integration of <i>O. dichroanthum</i> root extract as a bioactive wound-healing constituent, delivering both anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects directly at the wound site. Demonstration of improved biodegradation kinetics and excellent hemocompatibility without compromising structural integrity or biocompatibility. Demonstration of significant antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and potent antifungal effects against <i>Candida albicans</i>, addressing common wound-infection challenges. A scalable, casting-and-crosslinking fabrication approach compatible with clinical translation and potential for combination with additional therapeutic agents.