Silver-hydroxyapatite functionalized chitosan films: Multifunctional active packaging for enhanced seafood preservation against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Shewanella putrefaciens

To address the microbial spoilage challenge in seafood preservation, a silver-hydroxyapatite functionalized chitosan (Ag-HAP@CS) composite film was developed by incorporating Ag-HAP into the chitosan matrix. The optimized Ag-HAP20@CS film demonstrated exceptional antibacterial efficacy, achieving complete elimination of 10 7 CFU mL −1 of both Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Shewanella putrefaciens within 2–4 h. Comprehensive characterization revealed that the films exhibited exceptional ultraviolet (UV)-blocking properties (UV-280 transmittance<6 %), optimal tensile strength (19.38 MPa), low water vapor permeability (2.25 × 10 −6 g m −2 ·s −1 ·Pa −1 ), and enhanced hydrophobicity (water contact angle values > 90°). Cytotoxicity assessment using Ges-1 cells showed 98 % cell viability, confirming the material excellent biosafety profile. Preservation tests on Penaeus vannamei revealed that the Ag-HAP20@CS film effectively delayed spoilage, maintaining lower total volatile basic nitrogen levels (≤29 mg·100 g −1 ), total bacterial count (≤3.90 lg CFU·g −1 ), and pH values (≤7.52) over a 9-day storage period. These findings highlight the potential of Ag-HAP@CS films as multifunctional packaging materials for extending the shelf life of seafood. • A multifunctional Ag-HAP@CS composite film was developed for seafood packaging. • The film achieved complete microbial inactivation against V. parahaemolyticus and S. putrefaciens. • The film exhibited excellent UV-blocking performance and strong mechanical strength. • The films without cytotoxicity effectively extend preservation period of Penaeus vannamei.