Identification of chemical composition and prediction of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity mechanism of ethyl acetate fraction of <i>Lagenaraia siceraria</i> seed

This study identified 37 compounds from the ethyl acetate extract (EC) of <i>Lagenaraia siceraria</i>(Molina)Standl. Seed (LSS) using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Thirteen compounds were identified from EC by extraction, separation and NMR. Network pharmacology analysis screened 22 active components, revealing that key compounds such as quercetin, genistein, and kaempferol may exert anti-inflammatory effects by targeting PPARG, IL-6, and other key proteins, while modulating TNF and IL-17 signalling pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed that high-dose EC and diosmetin significantly suppressed LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. By integrating LC-MS, network pharmacology, and cellular assays, this study elucidates the bioactive components and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of EC, providing a scientific basis for further research and development.