Na <sub>2</sub> Fe <sub>3</sub> (SO <sub>4</sub> ) <sub>4</sub> : A Zero‐Strain Sustainable Positive Electrode Material for Na‐Ion Batteries
One of the challenges in the energy transition is minimization of the battery cost for energy grid storage. Na-ion batteries are a promising alternative to Li-based analogues thanks to low cost, abundance of constituents, and an already set-up industry. However, already commercialized positive electrode materials for Na-ion batteries (Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> and Na<sub>x</sub>Cu<sub>1-y-z</sub>Fe<sub>y</sub>Mn<sub>z</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) contain critical raw elements such as V, Cu, and Mn, boosting the research towards abundant Fe-based materials. In this work, we report a novel sodium iron sulfate phase, Na<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>3</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub> (NFS), synthesized by ball milling, as a positive electrode material. This new compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group with cell parameters a = 9.682(1) Å, b = 8.739(1) Å, c = 29.300(4) Å, and V = 2479.0(5) Å<sup>3</sup>. Tests of thick NFS positive electrodes (18 mg cm<sup>-2</sup>) in Na-half coin cells delivered 62 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at C/30 (corresponding to the exchange of 2 e-) or 69% of the theoretical capacity (90 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>), with a good capacity retention of 47 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at a high discharge rate 2C. Operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed minimal (<1%) changes in lattice parameters during cycling. Dominantly octahedra coordinated iron atoms are oxidized/reduced, as confirmed by operando synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Authors
- Sergey Yaroslavtsev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0115-4103)
- Laurence Croguennec (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-0992)
- Mathieu Duttine (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6120-8716)
- Christian Masquelier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7289-1015)
- Lorenzo Stievano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8548-0231)
- Anastasia Grebenshchikova
- François Fauth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9465-3106)
- Loïc Simonin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1492-379X)
- Jacob Olchowka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-0266)
Institutions
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Université de Bordeaux (FR)
- Institut Universitaire de France (FR)
- Université de Montpellier (FR)
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- ALBA Synchrotron (Spain) (ES)
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (FR)
- Laboratoire d’Innovation pour les Technologies des Énergies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (FR)
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'énergie (FR)
- Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (FR)
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (FR)
- Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (FR)
- Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Published
- 2025-09-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202511285
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Advancements in Battery Materials
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.46
Funders
- European Commission
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions