Advanced Renal Failure in a Down Syndrome Patient due to Delayed Diagnosis of Non‐Neurogenic Neurogenic Bladder (Hinman Syndrome): A Case Report

Nonneurogenic neurogenic bladder (NNB), also known as Hinman syndrome, is a rare medical condition characterized by clinical features resembling neurogenic bladder but without any neurological damage. This syndrome typically presents in children during the toilet-training age but has also been reported in adults. It is more common among patients with Down syndrome regardless of age, likely due to their lower intellectual abilities. Early diagnosis of NNB leads to a favorable prognosis; however, delayed diagnosis and treatment can result in irreversible renal damage and even end-stage renal disease (ESRD), as illustrated in this case. Obtaining accurate medical history from patients with Down syndrome is challenging because they may not report symptoms critical for early diagnosis. Therefore, clinicians should exercise caution when taking histories from this patient population.