The significance of laboratory diagnostics in animal health in Ethiopia: A review of current practices

Animal health is crucial for Ethiopia's economy and food security, yet it faces disease challenges. Effective control relies on timely laboratory diagnostics. This review examines the role of diagnostics in Ethiopia's animal health, assessing current practices, challenges, and innovative technologies. It evaluates diagnostic infrastructure, human resources, and veterinary lab tests. While traditional methods remain important, there is a shift towards advanced molecular, serological, and point-of-care diagnostics, supported by international partnerships and the One Health approach. The review highlights issues like inadequate funding, outdated equipment, supply chain inefficiencies, and limited access in remote areas. It concludes with recommendations to enhance Ethiopia's animal health diagnostics, focusing on infrastructure investment, human capital development, standardization, technology integration, and improved collaboration for a resilient system.