The Effect of Surface Treatments on the Mechanical Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene/Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash

Polymeric biocomposites are emerging as a new generation of eco-friendly and cost-effective materials that provide sustainable alternatives for the polymer industry while supporting environmental conservation. This study investigates the mechanical behavior of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) compounds blended with natural rubber (NR) and reinforced with silanized Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA), chemically modified with bis(3 triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT). Blends were formulated in LDPE/NR-SCBA weight ratios (wt%) of 90/10, 70/30, and 50/50, and processed at mixing speeds of 40 and 80 rpm to evaluate their potential as thermoplastic additives. Mechanical testing showed that blends mixed at 80 rpm achieved an 86% increase in elongation, while those processed at 40 rpm demonstrated a 78% enhancement in tensile strength. The incorporation of NR and vulcanizing systems markedly improved the overall mechanical properties of the composites. These biocomposites present promise for applications in the footwear industry (especially for soles) and for ergonomic molded components by conferring the advantageous combination of mechanical performance and esthetic appeal. Furthermore, development supports innovative manufacturing processes and contributes to reducing the industry`s carbon footprints, mitigating its negative impact on the planet.