Time-Resolved On-Board Measurements of TRWP Using Distributed Particle Sensor Systems

The focus of this article is on the measurement of tire and road wear particles (TRWPs) during vehicle operation. The long-term objective is to determine the sources of particulate matter. Consequently, the development of sustainable tires can be supported in the future by identifying factors influencing the concentration of particulate matter in vehicle-based tire tests. In an initial campaign, a test vehicle was equipped with a total of seven low-cost sensors (LCSs) for measurement campaigns on an isolated outdoor test track. The purpose of this was to evaluate the particle measurements in combination with GNSS data and driving data such as acceleration and speed. The potential observed in the initial investigation led to further investigations with an advanced, interconnectable modular particle and environmental sensor system (iMPES), which was developed in-house. The iMPES records measurement data for PM10 via the PMS7003 and PM100 via the SDS198 at 1 Hz over a period of up to 6 h, using a mobile power supply. The findings of the study indicate a robust characterization of the particle concentrations over the temporal and local course of the campaign drives. The results demonstrate the potential of the method to be part of a methodology to differentiate the particle sources and to derive influencing factors on the particulate matter concentration. The paper proposes a methodology for the mapping and analysis of lap-based data on a normalized route. Consequently, an inquiry into the local and driving-dependent dynamics is conducted, alongside a comparison with driving data.