Damage Evolution and Residual Strength Evaluation of Al/CFRTP Adhesive Joints Under Transverse Impact

Lightweight, high-strength materials formed by bonding aluminum alloy (Al) and carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composite materials are widely used in impact-exposed structures, leading to structural damage and reduced service life. In this study, transverse impact experiments were conducted on Al/CFRTP adhesive joints with varying impact energies (10 J, 20 J, 30 J, 40 J) on different impact surfaces (Al and CFRTP). The energy absorption rate, damage morphology, residual strength, strain evolution on the impact surface, and failure mechanisms of the joint cross-section were analyzed. The results show that using CFRTP as the impact surface can minimize damage and maintain residual tensile strength. Regardless of whether Al or CFRTP is used as the impact surface, the energy absorption rate remains around 80%, with the final impact outcome being determined by both impact damage and mechanical interlocking. This study provides a theoretical basis for the design of high-impact-resistant Al/CFRTP adhesive joints.