Hospitalizations and deaths due to mycoses in the municipality of Recife (PE), Brazil: a ten-year retrospective analysis (2014-2024)

Mycoses are highly prevalent in Brazil, and the city of Recife stands out for the growing number of fungal infections, especially among immunocompromised individuals or patients, significantly affecting quality of life. Furthermore, there is underdiagnosis due to a lack of resources and training among healthcare professionals. This study performs a retrospective analysis of the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations and deaths caused by mycoses in the population of Recife, Pernambuco, between 2014 and 2024. Using a descriptive and quantitative approach, data were collected from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) from January 2014 to December 2024. For mycosis cases, the following variables were analyzed: number of hospitalizations, deaths, sex, race/ethnicity, and year. The results showed that during the analyzed period, Recife recorded 1,348 hospitalizations and 88 deaths due to mycoses. Most hospitalizations occurred in 2014 (12.1%). However, 2023 and 2024 had the lowest numbers of cases, 5.6% and 6.1%, respectively. The predominant age group was 40 to 49 years old. Deaths were more frequent in 2014 (21.6%) and concentrated in older age groups (50 to 79 years old). Hospitalizations and deaths occurred mainly in emergencies, and most cases involved individuals of mixed race and males. The data suggest that hospitalizations and deaths due to mycoses require more attention to reporting and indicate the need to develop strategies for more efficient diagnosis and treatment.