Analysis of Philosophical Dimensions in the Context of the Problem of Equality and Justice in Society

The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive philosophical analysis of the problems of equality and justice, in particular, through the study of theories of redistribution of resources, equal opportunities and individual rights in the current social and political context. The study used a multifaceted approach that combined textual and contextual interpretation of philosophical concepts with a comparative analysis of the main theories of justice. To collect empirical data, a survey was conducted among 300 respondents aged 18 to 60, with different levels of education and social status. Statistical methods, including Student’s t-test and multiple regression, were used to identify the main trends. The study revealed differences and similarities in approaches to justice and assessed the application in the context of globalization and technological change. The main results showed that 72% of respondents support the concept of redistribution of resources as an important tool for achieving social justice. Also, 65% of respondents believed that equal opportunities for all are essential for a just society. 32% of respondents from less developed regions confirmed having the opportunity to make full use of digital technologies, compared to 75% of respondents from developed urban areas. According to the results, 63% of women reported experiencing discrimination in the workplace, while the figure for men was only 35%. The findings allowed formulating recommendations for adapting theoretical concepts to modern social realities, which can contribute to a more equitable society in the context of globalization and technological change.