Linguistic and Cultural Types in Oriental Literatures (On the Examples of Japan, Korea, Indonesia, and Georgia)

The main purpose of the study was to analyze the images representing key socio-cultural values and to study their evolution under the influence of historical and social changes. The methodology included the analysis of literary texts, both classical and contemporary, to identify the main types that symbolize important aspects of the cultural identity of each of the countries studied, namely Japan, Korea, Indonesia, Georgia. Particular attention is paid to the images of the samurai in Japanese literature, the Confucian scholar in Korean literature, postcolonial types in Indonesian literature, and heroes at the intersection of Eastern and Western cultural influences in Georgian literature. The modern transformation of these images under the influence of globalization and modernization was also investigated. The main results showed that linguistic and cultural types play central role in reflecting national and social values, reflecting both ethnic and gendered ideas of ideal behavior. The findings suggest that linguistic and cultural types are dynamic concepts that change under the influence of political, economic and cultural transformations. They remain important both for understanding national identity and for interpreting the global changes taking place in these cultures, creating a bridge between traditional values and modern challenges. In particular, in the contemporary literature of these countries, there is a tendency to rethink traditional types through the prism of globalization and individualization of societies. Thus, linguistic and cultural types remain an important element in the creation of narratives that allow us to combine the past and the present, the national and the global.