Optimizing Building Sustainability: A Life-Cycle CO₂ Emissions Assessment of Novel and Conventional Insulation Wall Materials

<p data-start="88" data-end="701">The growing concern over climate change has intensified the need to control greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the building sector. A significant portion of a building’s environmental impact arises during its operational phase, primarily due to energy consumption for heating and cooling. Insulation wall materials play a crucial role in enhancing energy efficiency by reducing heat transfer, thereby lowering energy demand and long-term carbon emissions. However, the selection of insulation materials is often driven by technical performance, with limited consideration of their full life-cycle impact.</p> <p data-start="703" data-end="1318">This study adopts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach to evaluate the environmental performance of various insulation materials, comparing their embodied carbon, thermal properties, and overall contribution to sustainability. By analyzing both conventional and emerging solutions, the research aims to provide quantitative insights that assist in selecting materials that balance energy efficiency, durability, and environmental impact. The findings will offer guidance for optimizing insulation material choices to reduce carbon footprints while ensuring thermal performance in sustainable building practices.</p>