Current concepts of surgical treatment hiatal hernias and gastroesophageal reflux (literature review)

Various aspects of surgical treatment of hiatal hernias and gastroesophageal reflux, despite the differrences in these nosologies, are traditionally considered in a complex. In addition to the general historical stages of studying these pathological conditions, they are largely united by interrelated mechanisms of development and approaches to treatment. As is often the case in medical science, understanding of many theoretical components of the problem followed the development of its purely applied side. Questions that initially seemed obvious and simple acquired a different meaning and significance. The article in discussion form presents current views on the problem of surgical treatment of hiatal hernias and gastroesophageal reflux. The main stages of development of this area of clinical medicine are noted in chronological order. Controversial issues of surgery of hiatal hernias and gastroesophageal reflux are considered in detail from the stand-point of functional anatomy and physiology. The fallacy of dominating technology over ideology, forgetting the experience of the founders and pioneers of this field of knowledge is shown. The theoretical and practical approaches to their solution, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of operations, which are available to date, are presented.