The influence of non-transparent envelope insulation on the cooling demand of residential buildings in Nigeria

A building envelope’s thermal performance significantly impacts cooling energy consumption, especially in countries with very hot climates like Nigeria. Non-transparent envelope insulation, including walls, roofs, and floors, is important in reducing heat gain, improving indoor thermal comfort, and regulating indoor temperature. This study examines the traditional 3-layer uninsulated wall constructed in Nigeria. It compares it to an insulated 4-layered wall using different insulation materials to evaluate the influence of non-transparent envelope insulation on the cooling demand of residential buildings in Nigeria. By analysing different insulation materials and thicknesses, this study assesses their effectiveness in minimising cooling loads. The research considers key climatic factors such as solar radiation and ambient temperature to determine insulation strategies for energy efficiency. Findings indicate that properly insulated, non-transparent envelopes can reduce indoor temperatures and cooling energy demand in residential buildings. However, some factors like material selection and installation also influence the overall performance of these buildings. This study highlights the importance of adopting energy-efficient envelope designs to enhance sustainability and reduce dependence on mechanical cooling systems. These insights could significantly contribute to developing new practices for improving energy efficiency in Nigeria’s residential building construction and renovation sector.