Adaptation of Cities to Climate Change: Is it Possible?

Introduction: Climate change has been aggravating the condition of cities through extreme weather events, such as heat waves and intense rainfall. Objective: This study aims to analyze certain techniques for reversing current urban systems, resulting from Brazilian urbanization, particularly the socio-environmental injustices it has produced, in order to mitigate the effects of climate change, by examining the instruments available and how they operate within this process. Method: A bibliographic review of related themes, seeking to build a conceptual framework for a new approach to the urbanization process, more aligned with environmental issues. Results and Discussion: By addressing urban ecology as a means of assessing the urban environment, in connection with landscape and natural environment concerns, and comparing it to the urban setting, the study highlights the need for a change in the urbanization process in light of climate change and the human–nature relationship, culminating in the importance of urban drainage and vegetation as key agents of mitigation. Research Implications: Based on these concepts, the study outlines potential actions for the adoption of effective public policies aimed at combating and mitigating climate change, in contrast to the current neglect of the issue by governments—particularly at the municipal level—while seeking to demonstrate the importance of changing the way cities are urbanized and constructed. Originality/Value: The article reflects on the current condition of cities and discusses how they can address the challenges posed by climate change, emphasizing both adaptation and mitigation of its effects.