Incidence of Hepatitis B Virus in Mosul City: A comprehensive Review, Statistics, and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HBV, analyze its distribution across different demographic groups (age, gender, marital status), and identify risk factors associated with HBV infection in the population of Nineveh to guide public health interventions. Methods: A descriptive study data was conducted using hospital records from Ibn-Sina Hospital in Mosul city from (February 2024 - January 2025). 16,900 individuals screened for HBV using ELISA were analyzed. The statistical analysis including calculations, measures, chi-square tests, relative risk, and geographical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: The overall HBV prevalence among the screened population was 0.72%. A significant association was found between age and HBV infection (X2=59.03, p<0.0001), with the highest prevalence in individuals over 40 years old (63.11%). Males exhibited a slightly higher prevalence (0.75%) compared to females (0.70%). Married individuals had a higher HBV prevalence than single individuals. Surgical procedures were identified as a significant risk factor, with surgical patients having a 43.26 times higher risk of HBV infection compared to dialysis patients. September 2024 recorded the highest number of HBV positive cases (16), while April 2024 had the lowest (4). Conclusion: Strengthening preventative measures such as maternal screening, occupational safety protocols, increased screening programs for older adults, and improved healthcare access in rural areas are crucial for effective HBV control in Nineveh.