A Study of The Impact of Age, Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Sperm Parameters Among Men Presenting for Infertility Screening at Jos University Teaching Hospital

Background Infertility is a growing concern worldwide, with male factor contributing significantly to couple infertility. The impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol on male infertility is inconclusive, but male age is increasingly recognized as a significant factor affecting sperm parameters and fertility outcomes. The study aimed to investigate the impact of age, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on sperm parameters among men who presented for infertility screening at Jos University Teaching Hospital. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 440 folders of men who presented for infertility screening at Jos University teaching hospital for the past 10 years, that is from 2013 to 2022. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between alcohol and cigarette consumption on sperm parameters, and the impact of age on sperm parameters. Data on age. cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were retrieved from patients’ case notes at medical records unit by simple random sampling techniques and analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results Result did not show any statistically significant relationship between alcohol and cigarette consumption on sperm Parameters, meanwhile there was a statistically significant relationship between increase age and sperm parameters. Conclusion In conclusion, sperm parameters like count, motility, and morphology did not seem to be substantially influenced by cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption, meanwhile age had effects on sperm parameters.