Education Spending Policy and its Role in Achieving Economic Growth in Iraq (2005–2022) in Parallel with Benefiting from Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Study with the Singaporean Experience and a Strategic Vision for the Future

Economic literature, especially macroeconomic models, indicates that there is a relationship between spending on education and economic growth. This relationship has attracted the attention of many economists and researchers for many decades and has been the subject of intense controversy. Education and development complement each other, as investment in education has contributed over the years. There is a lot in developing the economies of many countries and making it one of the strongest economies, including Singapore. Despite the achievements that have been made in the field of quantitative expansion in education, the situation of education in Iraq is still modest compared to the achievements of other countries, even in the countries of the developing world, due to financial and administrative corruption. This journey witnessed great fluctuations as a result of the exceptional circumstances that the country went through during the research period, which led to the obstruction of the educational process in Iraq. The results of the long-term response that were tested on the standard side show the presence of a weak positive effect, as spending on education exerts a weak positive effect on the average income share. Per capita GDP in the Iraqi economy for the period (2005-2022), and this applies to the reality of the Iraqi economy.