Research on the application of robotic technologies in photovoltaic panel cleaning: a case study of the Tengger Desert Solar Base

This study focuses on the application of various types of robotic technologies in the cleaning of photovoltaic (PV) panels at the Tengger Desert Solar Base. Through a comparative analysis of traditional manual cleaning, ground-traversing intelligent PV cleaning robots, and bridge-crossing tracked cleaning robots, this research explores the practical effects and applicable ranges of these cleaning methods. The findings indicate that ground-traversing intelligent PV cleaning robots significantly enhance the level of operational intelligence through features such as autonomous path planning, automatic cleaning, and self-charging, coupled with water-free cleaning technology to reduce water resource consumption, making them highly suitable for use in arid regions. Meanwhile, bridge-crossing tracked cleaning robots are particularly effective in single-axis horizontal PV areas, excelling in complex terrains or situations where support angles are inconsistent, thereby addressing issues like immobilization faced by traditional tracked cleaning robots and ensuring the successful completion of dust removal tasks. The application of these robotic technologies not only improves cleaning efficiency but also minimizes ecological impacts, providing new solutions for the operation and maintenance management of desert-based PV power stations. This research offers scientific evidence and technical support for selecting the most appropriate cleaning solutions, contributing to the sustainable development of desert PV power generation industries both in China and globally.