Biomimetic forms in architecture: definition, applications and challenges

<p style="color: windowtext;">The implementation of biomimicry as a design approach in architecture is still in its early stages. Biomimicry is defined as a solution to design problems inspired by natural patterns and has a wide range of applications in architecture, from materials, form, to regenerative ecosystem level.  </p> <p style="color: windowtext;">The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate the development of biomimicry in architecture from the aspect of form, through a bibliometric review. In this study, articles published in the Web of Science database (2014–2024) were analyzed. VOSviewer software was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis and to represent the analysis results. In order to increase the knowledge of biomimicry, this study also analyzes how biomimetic forms can be applied in architecture and explores the various challenges in their implementation. The challenges of implementing biomimicry in architecture are grouped based on social and technological challenges. Emphasizing the importance of the need for biomimicry in the design of contemporary architectural forms is the goal of this study. Based on the results, future research directions and practical recommendations were presented to support the successful deployment of innovative design approach. </p>