Power System Modeling and Simulation for Distributed Generation Integration: Honduras Power System as a Case Study

This paper presents a case study of the Honduran electricity system and evaluates the technical impact of integrating distributed generation through modeling and simulation using Pandapower, (version 3.1.0) an open-source Python tool. A multi-criteria methodology was applied to select connection nodes considering the voltage sensitivity (∆V/MW), loss factor, available thermal capacity (headroom), and hosting capacity. The analysis focused on voltage stability, power losses, and line loading under various distributed generation scenarios. This methodology prioritized buses with critical voltages and significant loads. The case study model included official data from the Honduran National Dispatch Center. The simulations included a redispatch scheme for conventional generators to maintain power balance in all scenarios (20–100% distributed generation profiles), using GEN (controllable output) and SGEN (fixed output) components. The results show that with 50% distributed generation relative to local demand, voltages at critical buses improved by up to 0.14 p.u. Total active losses decreased by 9%, and reactive losses decreased by 44%. Additionally, indirect improvements were observed in non-intervened buses, as well as load relief in lines and transformers. These results confirm that strategic distributed generation injections combined with redispatch can improve supply quality and operational efficiency in weak and radial network topologies. The proposed methodology is scalable and able to be replicated in other power systems, providing technical input for energy planning and renewable energy integration in developing countries.