Temperature Distribution Analysis in Type 2 Ev Chargers: the Impact of Phase Angles on Thermal Performance

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming an essential part of sustainable transportation, requiring efficient and safe charging infrastructure. One critical aspect of EV chargers is their ability to manage heat generation during high-current charging. This study investigates the temperature distribution in a Type 2 EV charger using a combination of electric current and heat transfer simulations in Finite Element Method (FEM). A three-phase alternating current (AC) system with varying phase angles <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\left(0^{\circ}, 45^{\circ}, 90^{\circ}\right.$</tex>, and 135°) was analyzed to evaluate its impact on temperature rise within the charger components. The results indicate that different phase angles significantly influence heat accumulation, with higher phase angles leading to excessive heating, which may compromise material integrity and safety. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing phase relationships and integrating effective thermal management strategies to enhance charger reliability. Future research should explore advanced cooling techniques and realtime temperature monitoring systems to further improve the efficiency and durability of EV charging systems.