Multi-User Virtual Reality Tool for Remote Communication in Construction Projects: Bridge Maintenance Application

Effective communication between construction sites and engineering or architectural offices is critical to the success of construction projects, particularly in the maintenance of critical infrastructure such as bridges. In scenarios where distance limits the physical presence of specialists, Requests for Information (RFIs) are the primary formal exchange tool. However, issues such as incomplete data, poor quality, or delayed responses often lead to significant project delays. This study proposes a multi-user Virtual Reality (VR) platform to optimize communication workflows in these contexts. Using the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM), an immersive environment was developed to connect up to 20 users simultaneously, integrating BIM models with support for technical details, language, and contextual factors. The tool was validated through a case study focused on the maintenance of a railway bridge, where five real RFIs were simulated. Results show that the immersive experience enhances spatial understanding, improves remote collaboration, and accelerates decision-making. Users highlighted the sense of presence and perceived usefulness, positioning this tool as an effective alternative to overcome communication barriers in geographically distributed infrastructure maintenance.